Device and method for adjusting camber and/or toe

ABSTRACT

A shim and method for using the same for adjusting camber and/or toe of a wheel assembly wherein first and second tapered annular shims are coupled together to permit relative rotation therebetween and each of the first and second tapered annular shims have visible indicia thereon. A chart is consulted to obtain an indicium on the first tapered annular shim that is to be aligned with an indicium on the second tapered annular shim so that the first and second tapered annular shims may be rotated to align the indicium on each shim so that the aligned indicia may be placed in the wheel assembly at a reference point on the wheel assembly to make the required camber and/or toe adjustments.

A DEVICE AND METHOD FOR ADJUSTING CAMBER AND/OR TOE

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.08/822,221 filed Mar. 21, 1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,835,597, whichapplication is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.08/054,411 filed Apr. 28, 1993 (now U.S. Pat. No. 5,622,378 issued Apr.22, 1997) which application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 07/911,464 filed Jul. 10, 1992 for Apparatus AndMethod For Adjusting Camber And Toe of Schlosser et al., now abandoned.All of the above-identified applications and patent are incorporatedherein by reference thereto for all that is disclosed therein.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates generally to the adjustment of the camber and toeof a wheel assembly for purposes of alignment and more particularly toshim apparatus and a method for its use to accomplish the adjustment.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In U.S. Pat. No. 4,684,150 issued to Specktor et al, there is discloseda shim for adjusting camber and toe of a wheel assembly. The shim isprovided with notches so that a selected notch may be located against aparticular bolt to place the shim at a desired location in the wheelassembly. A series of shims having different tapers are provided. Onesurface of the shim is provided with indicia for use in selecting thenotch that is to be placed against the bolt. Conventional apparatus isused to determine the required camber and toe needed to adjust the wheelassembly. A chart is provided and has values of camber and toe. At theintersection of the measured required and toe, the chart indicates thesize of the shim to be used and the notch that is to be placed againstthe bolt. In column 6, lines 32 to 34, the Specktor et al patent statesthat if one shim does not adjust the camber and toe the desired amount,two shims can be used in combination. However, the Specktor et al patentdoes not explain how to use the two shims in combination. CanadianPatent No. 1,226,128 issued to Johnson also discloses two shims butoffers no explanation of how they are to be used. Also, there are noindicia on the shims in Johnson. There is no disclosure in Specktor etal or Johnson of any means for joining the two shims together. In theuse of the apparatus in Specktor et al, it would appear that after thefirst shim was applied, the chart would again be consulted to determinethe size of the second shim and the notch to be placed against the bolt.Therefore, there would be no cooperation between the indicia on thefirst shim and the indicia on the second shim.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

This invention provides a shim device for adjusting the camber and/ortoe alignment of a wheel in a vehicle wheel assembly which includes aspindle for rotatably supporting a wheel, a spindle face plate, an axle,an axle face plate and a plurality of bolts received through the spindleface plate and the axle face plate for detachably, operably coupling thespindle face plate to the axle face plate with the shim device locatedtherebetween comprising first and second tapered annular shims which arejoined together to permit relative rotational movement therebetween. Afirst surface on each of the first and second tapered annular shims isprovided with indicia so that an indicium on the first tapered annularshim may be aligned with an indicium on the second tapered annular shimto obtain a previously measured required adjustment of camber and/ortoe. A method for selecting the indicium on each of the first and secondtapered annular shims is also provided.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shim device comprises afirst tapered annular shim, a second tapered annular shim and joiningmeans for coupling the first and second tapered annular shims togetherand for permitting relative rotational movement therebetween. Inaddition to permitting relative rotation between the upper and lowertapered annular shims, the joining means maintains the centers of theupper and lower tapered annular shims in alignment before, during andafter installation in the wheel assembly. Each of the first and secondtapered annular shims has oppositely facing first and second surfaces,an outer edge and an inner edge. The first surfaces face in the samedirection and the second surfaces face in the same direction. Indiciaare provided on the first surface of and adjacent to the outer edge ofeach of the first and second tapered annular shims so that a desiredindicium on the first surface of the first annular tapered shim may bealigned with a desired indicium on the first surface on the secondannular tapered shim. The second annular tapered shim has a diametergreater than the diameter of the first tapered annular shim so that theindicia on the first and second tapered annular shims are clearlyvisible.

The first tapered annular shim comprises a first tapered ring and asecond tapered ring spaced from the first tapered ring and a pluralityof spaced apart radially extending non-tapered spokes integral with thefirst and second tapered annular rings and holding the first and secondtapered rings in the spaced apart relationship. The second taperedannular shim comprises a first tapered and a second ring having at leasta tapered portion spaced from the first tapered ring and a plurality ofspaced apart radially extending non-tapered spokes integral with thefirst tapered ring and the at least a tapered portion of the second ringand holding the first tapered ring and the second ring in the spacedapart relationship. The second ring also has a non-tapered portionintegral with the at least a tapered portion and extending radiallyoutwardly therefrom. The second tapered ring of the first taperedannular shim has oppositely facing first and second surfaces, an outeredge and an inner edge and has indicia on the first surface and thenon-tapered portion of the second tapered annular shim has oppositelyfacing first and second surfaces with the first surface facing in thesame direction as the first surface of the second tapered ring and anouter edge and has indicia on the first surface so that a desiredindicium on the surface of the second tapered ring may be aligned with adesired indicium on the first surface of the non-tapered portion. Thenon-tapered portion has a diameter greater than the diameter of thesecond tapered ring so that the indicia on the first surfaces of thesecond tapered ring and the non-tapered portion are clearly visible. Thespokes are non-tapered.

The joining means comprise a plurality of spaced apart arcuateprojections on the first tapered ring of the first tapered annular shim.Each annular projection has an inner surface and an outer surface andthe outer surface has an annular recess formed therein. The firsttapered ring of the second tapered annular shim has an inner surfacehaving a first portion having a diameter less than the diameter of theremaining portion of the inner surface to form an annular rim. Theannular rim and the annular recess are dimensioned so that the annularrim fits into said annular recess and permits relative rotationalmovement therebetween. The first and second tapered annular shims areformed from a material, such as nylon or other plastics having similarcharacteristics, having sufficient resiliency to permit the annular rimto be moved over the outer surface to move the arcuate projectionsradially inwardly and snap into the annular recess.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, an intermediatetapered ring is located between the first and second tapered rings andthe first, intermediate and second tapered rings are held together in aradially spaced apart relationship. In one embodiment, the intermediatetapered ring comprises a plurality of circumferentially spaced apartrecesses formed thereon which recesses extend in radial oppositedirections to form a plurality of sections which can readily beseparated to provide clearance for the bolts. In another embodiment, theintermediate ring comprises a plurality of circumferentially spacedapart arcuate members held in the spaced apart relationship by thespokes so that they can be readily separated to provide the clearancefor the bolts.

The invention provides a method for adjusting the camber and/or toe of avehicle wheel assembly having a wheel spindle, an axle and a pluralityof bolts operably coupling the wheel spindle to the axle which iscommenced by measuring the alignment of the wheel to determine theadjustments of toe and/or camber required to bring the wheel into properalignment. A chart is provided and has printed thereon the requiredindicium on the first and the second tapered annular shims to be placedin radial alignment for a plurality of combinations of camber and/or toeadjustments. The intersections of the measured camber and toeadjustments are found on the chart and at such intersection the chartwill indicate the indicium on the first tapered annular shim to beplaced in radial alignment with an indicium on the second taperedannular shim to obtain the required camber and toe adjustments. Thefirst and second tapered annular shims are rotated until the indiciumobtained from the chart on the first tapered annular shim and theindicium obtained from the chart on the second tapered annular shim arein radial alignment. The shim apparatus is then installed on the wheelassembly with the radially aligned indicium at a reference point on thewheel assembly.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the shim devicecomprises a first shim having a first generally planar surface with atleast a portion thereof adapted to contact the spindle face plate and asecond shim having a first generally planar surface with at least aportion thereof adapted to contact the axle face plate. Each of thefirst and second shims has a second generally planar surface with atleast portions of the second generally planar surfaces adapted to be ina contacting relationship. Also, each of the first and second shims hasindicia thereon and located so that the indicia on each of the first andsecond shims are visible when the at least portions of the secondgenerally planar surfaces are in the contacting relationship. At leastportions of one of the first and second generally planar surfaces ofeach of the first and second shims lie in non-parallel planes so that atleast a portion of each of the first and second shims has a generallytapered profile. Each of said first and second shims has a plurality ofremovable portions so that at least some of the plurality of removableportions can be removed to provide clearance for the bolts. Joiningmeans are provided for joining the first and second shims together sothat the first and second shims may be installed between the spindleface plate and the axle face plate with a desired indicium on the firstshim radially aligned with a desired indicium on the second shim so thatthe joined together first and second shims are at a desired locationrelative to the spindle face plate and the axle face plate. Each of thefirst and second shims are annular and the joining means permit relativerotational movement between the first and second shims but preventrelative axial or radial movement therebetween.

Each of the first and second shims comprise an annular member having aradially outwardly extending portion which is of reduced axialthickness. The annular member is of uniform thickness in the axial andradial directions as is the radially outwardly extending portion.Indicia are provided on the upper surface of the annular member. Aplurality of circumferentially spaced apart radially extending membersare integral with and project axially outwardly from the annular memberadjacent radially extending members and are connected together by arelatively thin webbing. The circumferentially spaced apart radiallyextending members have tapered upper surfaces so that diameters passingthrough the circumferentially spaced apart radially extending membershave an axially thickest part and an axially thinnest part. An integralannular portion is of reduced axial thickness between thecircumferentially spaced apart radially extending members and theannular member so that each of the circumferentially spaced apartradially extending members may be readily separated by severing thewebbing between adjacent ones of the circumferentially spaced apartradially extending members and the annular portion between the annularmember and the circumferentially spaced apart radially extendingmembers. At least some of adjacent ones of the circumferentially spacedapart radially extending members are separated by a slot extending in aradial direction for the same radial extent as each of thecircumferentially spaced apart radially extending members. At leastothers of adjacent ones of the circumferentially spaced apart radiallyextending members are separated by a partial slot extending in a radialdirection for less than the radial extent of each of circumferentiallyspaced apart radially extending members.

The joining means comprise and holding means which project axiallyoutwardly from the annular portion of the second shim and overlying atleast portions of the radially outwardly extending portion. The holdingmeans comprise a plurality of projections extending axially outwardlyfrom the annular member of the second shim and spaced apart in acircumferential direction and each of the plurality of projectionshaving a radially inwardly extending portion overlying at least aportion the radially outwardly extending portion. The holding means arein frictional engagement with portions of the radially outwardlyextending portion for permitting relative rotational movement betweenthe first and second shims but preventing relative or axial movementtherebetween.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the device comprises afirst shim comprising a tapered annular member and a plurality ofcircumferentially spaced apart tapered members extending in a radialdirection relative to the tapered annular member and integral with thetapered annular member. Each of the plurality of circumferentiallyspaced apart tapered members has and outer edge portion and an indiciumthereon adjacent to the outer edge portion. The second shim comprises atapered annular member and a plurality of circumferentially spaced aparttapered members extending in a radial direction relative to the taperedsecond annular member and integral with the tapered second annularmember. Each of the plurality of circumferentially spaced apart taperedmembers of the second shim has an outer edge portion having a diametergreater than the diameter of the outer edge portion of the first shim.Each of the plurality of circumferentially spaced apart tapered membersof the second shim adjacent to the outer edge portion thereof haveindicia thereon so that the indicia on the tapered first and secondshims are clearly visible and each indicium on the second shim is inradial alignment with one of the indicium on the first shim. The joiningmeans provide a frictional resistance between the tapered annularmembers of the first and second shims to permit relative rotationalmovement therebetween so that an indicium on the first shim may beradially aligned with an indicium on the second shim but to retain thefirst and second shims in the radially aligned relationship duringinstallation.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the device comprises afirst shim comprising a non-tapered annular member and a plurality ofcircumferentially spaced apart tapered members integral with thenon-tapered annular member and extending in radial directions relativethereto. Adjacent ones of the circumferentially spaced apart taperedmembers are joined together adjacent to the inner periphery thereof by arelatively thin webbing. The non-tapered annular member has a pluralityof circumferentially spaced apart indicium thereon. The second shimcomprises a non-tapered annular member and a plurality ofcircumferentially spaced apart tapered members integral with thenon-tapered annular member and extending in radial directions relativethereto. Adjacent ones of the circumferentially spaced apart taperedmembers are joined together adjacent to the inner periphery thereof by arelatively thin webbing. The non-tapered annular member of the secondshim has an outer diameter greater than the outer diameter of thenon-tapered annular member of the first shim and has a plurality ofcircumferentially spaced apart indicium thereon and located so that theindicia on the first and second shims are visible.

In another embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a firsttapered annular shim and a separate second tapered annular shim. Each ofthe first and second tapered annular shims has oppositely facing firstand second surfaces, an outer edge and a inner edge. Indicia are on thefirst surface of an adjacent to the outer edge of each of the first andsecond tapered annular shims. The outer edge of the second taperedannular shim has a diameter greater than the diameter of the outer edgeof the first tapered annular shim so that the indicia on the first andsecond tapered annular shims are clearly visible when the first taperedannular shim is superposed over the second tapered annular shim withtheir longitudinal axes in alignment and so that a desired indicium onthe first tapered annular shim may be radially aligned with an indiciumon the second tapered annular shim to define a desired angular camberand/or toe adjustment for the wheel.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the device comprisesan annular member having circumferentially spaced apart indicium thereonand a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart radially extendingmembers integral with the annular member. The circumferentially spacedapart radially extending members have tapered surfaces so that diameterspassing through the circumferentially spaced apart radially extendingmembers have an axially thickest part and an axially thinnest part. Atleast portions of a plurality of adjacent ones of the circumferentiallyspaced apart radially extending members being connected together by arelatively thin webbing. The annular portion is radially spaced from thecircumferentially spaced apart radially extending members by arelatively thin annular groove so that each of the circumferentiallyspaced apart radially extending members may be readily separated bysevering the portion of the webbing between adjacent ones of thecircumferentially spaced apart radially extending members and along aportion of the annular groove between the annular member and thecircumferentially spaced apart radially extending members. At least someof adjacent ones of the circumferentially spaced apart radiallyextending members are separated by a slot extending in a radialdirection for the same radial extent of each of the circumferentiallyspaced apart radially extending members and at least others of adjacentones of the circumferentially spaced apart radially extending membersare partially separated by a slot extending in a radial direction for aradial extent less than the radial extent of each of thecircumferentially spaced apart radially extending members.

A preferred method for adjusting camber and/or toe alignment of a wheelin a vehicle wheel assembly is provided which wheel assembly includes aspindle for rotatably supporting a wheel, a spindle face plate, an axle,an axle face plate and a plurality of bolts received through the spindleface plate and the axle face plate for detachably, operably coupling thespindle face plate to the axle face plate using a shim device comprisinga first shim having a first generally planar surface with at least aportion thereof adapted to contact the spindle face plate; a second shimhaving a first generally planar surface with at lest a portion thereofadapted to contact the axle face plate and each of the first and secondshims having a second generally planar surface with at least portions ofthe second surfaces adapted to be in a contacting relationship andwherein each of the first and second shims having indicia thereon andlocated so that the indicia on each of the first and second shims arevisible when the at least portions of said second surfaces are in thecontacting relationship and at least portions of one of the first andsecond surfaces of each of the first and second shims lying innon-parallel planes so that at least a portion of each of the first andsecond shims has a generally tapered profile and each of the first andsecond shim having a plurality of removable portions so that at leastsome of the plurality of removable portions can be removed to provideclearance for the bolts wherein the method comprises measuring thealignment of the wheel to determine the adjustment of camber and/or toerequired to bring the wheel into proper alignment providing a charthaving printed thereon the required indicium on the first and the secondshims to be placed in radial alignment for a plurality of combinationsof camber and toe adjustments locating the intersection of the measuredrequired camber and/or toe adjustments and the intersection reading fromthe chart the indicium on the first shim to be placed in radialalignment with the indicium on the second shim providing a templatehaving printed thereon the identification of the portions of theremovable portions to be removed to accommodate the bolts when theindicium on the first or second shims are placed in alignment with areference mark on the template removing the portions of the removableportions joining the first and second shims so that the indicium on thefirst shim remains in alignment with the indicium on the second shim;and installing the joined together first and second shims between thespindle face plate and the axle face plate.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Illustrative and presently preferred embodiments of the invention areshown in the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an upper tapered annular shim of thisinvention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 2--2 of FIG. 1 androtated through 90 degrees;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a top plan view of a lower tapered annular shim of thisinvention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 7--7 of FIG. 6 androtated through 90 degrees;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged portion of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged portion of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged portion of FIG. 6;

FIG. 11 is a top plan view of the upper and lower tapered annular shimscoupled together;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 12--12 of FIG. 11and rotated through 90 degrees;

FIG. 13 is a chart for use with this invention;

FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of the upper left quadrant of the chart inFIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a top plan view of another upper tapered shim of thisinvention;

FIG. 16 is a top plan view of another lower tapered shim of thisinvention;

FIG. 17 is a top plan view of one-half of another upper tapered shim ofthis invention;

FIG. 18 is a top plan view of one-half of another upper tapered shim ofthis invention;

FIG. 19 is a top plan view of another upper tapered shim of thisinvention;

FIG. 20 is a top plan view of FIG. 19 superposed on another lowertapered shim of this invention;

FIG. 21 is a top plan view of another upper tapered shim of thisinvention;

FIG. 22 is a top plan view of FIG. 21 superposed on another lowertapered shim of this invention;

FIG. 23 is a top plan view of another upper tapered shim of thisinvention;

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 24--24 in FIG. 23;

FIG. 25 is an enlarged end portion of FIG. 24;

FIG. 26 is a top plan view of another lower tapered shim of thisinvention;

FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 27--27 of FIG. 26;

FIG. 28 is a bottom plan view of FIG. 26;

FIG. 29 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken on the line 29--29 ofFIG. 28;

FIG. 30 is a top plan view of FIG. 23 superposed on FIG. 27 with theiraxes in alignment;

FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 31--31 of FIG. 30;

FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 32--32 of FIG. 30;and

FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 33--33 of FIG. 29.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The terms upper and lower as used herein are for illustration purposesonly and have no relationship to the actual use of the shim device ofthis invention. The shim device of this invention is to be used betweenthe axle face plate and the spindle face plate as illustrated in FIG. 1of U.S. Pat. No. 4,872,699,which is incorporated herein by referencethereto.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, there is illustrated the first or upper taperedannular shim 2 of this invention. The upper tapered annular shim 2 has afirst ring 4 having a tapered upper surface 6, a flat lower surface 8,an outer edge 10 and an inner edge 12. The upper tapered annular shim 2also has a second tapered ring 14 having a tapered upper surface 16, aflat lower surface 18, an outer edge 20 and an inner edge 22. Thetapered upper surface 16 has a plurality of equally spaced apart indicia24 thereon and located between the outer edge 20 and the inner edge 22.The second tapered ring 14 is divided into a plurality of sectors 26 byrecessed portions 28 in the upper surface 18, FIG. 5, which terminateshort of the outer edge 20 and the inner edge 22 to form outer and innernotches 30 and 32. The recessed portions 28 and the notches 30 and 32permit each sector 26 to be removed by breaking two adjacent recessedportions 28 to provide clearance for other equipment mounted on thewheel assembly. The first and second tapered rings 4 and 14 are held ina spaced apart concentric relationship by a plurality of integral,radially extending, spaced apart non-tapered spokes 34. Each of thespokes has radially spaced apart recessed portions 36, FIG. 3, so thateach spoke 34 can be removed by breaking the recessed portions 36.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, there are thirteen spokes 34and thirteen sectors 26. The maximum thickness of the upper taperedannular shim 2 is about 0.75 inch and the minimum thickness is about0.25 inch. Each spoke 34 is non-tapered and has a thickness of about0.025 inch. The recessed portions 28 have a thickness of about 0.15inch. The minimum thickness of the recessed portions 36 adjacent to thefirst and second tapered rings 4 and 14 is about 0.015 inch. The inneredge 12 has a diameter of about 1.452 inches, the outer edge 10 has adiameter of about 2.165 inches, the inner edge 22 has a diameter ofabout 3.190 inches and the outer edge 20 has a diameter of about 3.740inches. It is understood that the foregoing dimensions are given forillustration purposes only.

In FIGS. 6 and 7, there is illustrated the second or lower taperedannular shim 42 of this invention. The lower tapered annular shim 42 hasa first ring 44 having a tapered upper surface 46, a flat lower surface48, an outer edge 50 and an inner edge 52. The lower tapered annularshim 42 has a second ring 54 having a tapered upper surface 56, a flatlower surface 58, an outer edge 60 and an inner edge 62. An integralextension member 64 projects radially outwardly from the second taperedring 54 and has a flat upper surface 66, FIG. 7, a flat lower surface 68and an outer edge 70. The upper surface 66 has a plurality of equallyspaced apart indicia 72 thereon and located between the outer edge 60and the outer edge 70. The second tapered ring 54 is divided into aplurality of sectors 76 by recessed portions 78 in the upper surfaces 56and 66, FIG. 10, which terminate short of the outer edge 70 and theinner edge 62 to form outer and inner notches 80 and 82. The recessedportions 78 and the notches 80 and 82 permit each sector 76 to beremoved by breaking two adjacent recessed portions 78. The first taperedring 44 and the second ring 54 are held in a spaced apart concentricrelationship by a plurality of integral radially extending, spaced apartnon-tapered spokes 84. Each of the spokes 84 has radially spaced apartrecessed portions 86, FIG. 8, so that each spoke 84 can be removed bybreaking at the recessed portions 86.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6, there are thirteen spokes 84and thirteen sectors 76. The maximum thickness of the upper taperedannular shim 2 is about 0.75 inch and the minimum thickness is about0.25 inch. Each spoke 84 is non-tapered and has a thickness of about0.025. The recessed portions 78 are non-tapered and have a thickness ofabout 0.15 inch. The minimum thickness of the recessed portions 86adjacent to the first and second tapered rings 44 and 54 is about 0.015inch. The inner edge 52 has a diameter of about 1.540 inches, the outeredge 50 has a diameter of about 2.165 inches, the inner edge 62 has adiameter of about 3.190 inches and the outer edge 60 has a diameter ofabout 3.740 inches. The extension member has a thickness of about 0.25inch and the outer diameter 70 is about 4.250 inches. It is understoodthat the foregoing dimensions are given for illustration purposes only.

Joining means 102, FIG. 12, are provided for joining the upper taperannular shim 2 and the lower tapered annular shim 42 together and topermit relative rotational movement therebetween. In addition topermitting relative rotation between the upper and lower tapered annularshims, the joining means maintains the centers of the upper and lowertapered annular shims in alignment before, during and after installationin the wheel assembly. A pair of spaced apart slots 104, FIGS. 1, 4 and11 at a plurality of spaced apart locations project inwardly from theinner edge 12. Between each pair of slots 104, a hook like portion 106projects downwardly from the flat lower surface 8 so that there are fourspaced apart hook like portions 106. The inner surface of each hook likeportion 106 is a continuation of the inner edge 12. An arcuate recess108 is formed in the outer surface 110 of each hook like portion 106. Anannular recess 112 is formed in the inner surface 52 so as to form anannular rim 114. The annular rim 114 and the arcuate recesses 108 aredimensioned so that the annular rim 114 fits into the arcuate recesses108 to hold the upper tapered annular shim 2 and the lower taperedannular shim 42 together while permitting relative rotational movementtherebetween but preventing any relative radial or axial movementtherebetween. The upper and lower tapered annular shims 2 and 42 arejoined together by placing the tapered upper surfaces 46 and 56 beneaththe flat lower surfaces 8 and 18 and moving the inner edge 52 againstthe tapered surface of the hook like portions 106. A force is applied tothe upper and lowered tapered annular shims 2 and 42 so that the annularrim 114 forces the hook like portions 106 radially inwardly until itreaches the arcuate recesses 108 at which time the hook like portions106 resile radially outwardly to hold the upper and lower taperedannular shims 2 and 42 together. As illustrated in FIG. 11, the diameterof the extension member 64 is greater than the diameter of the secondtapered ring 14 so that the indicia 24 and 72 are clearly visible whenthe upper and lower tapered annular shims 2 and 42 are coupled together.

In FIG. 13, there is illustrated a chart 120 for use in determining therelative locations of the upper and lower tapered annular shims 2 and 42to make a required camber and toe adjustment. The chart 120 has avertically extending zero degree line 122 and a horizontally extendingzero degree line 124 to divide the chart into four quadrants, i.e.,quadrant 126 is provided with values for positive camber and positivetoe; quadrant 128 is provided with values for positive camber andnegative toe; quadrant 130 is provided with values for negative camberand positive toe and quadrant 132 is provided with values of negativecamber and negative toe. The numerical values of camber are from 0 to+1.5 and 0 to -1.5 degrees in increments of 0.1 degree and the numericalvalues of toe are from 0 to +1.5 and 0 to -1.5 degrees in increments of0.06 degree. A plurality of spaced apart vertical and horizontal linesdivide the chart into a plurality of boxes 134. In each box 134, a valuefor the upper and lower tapered annular shims 2 and 42 will be printed.In FIG. 14, three sets of values are illustrated but it is understoodthat values will be in each box of the chart. As described above,conventional apparatus (not shown) is used to measure a wheel assemblyto determine the required values of camber and toe necessary to adjustthe alignment of the wheel. As illustrated in FIG. 14, if the measuredvalues of required camber and toe are camber +0.89 degree and toe +0.85degree, the chart is consulted and indicates that number 31 on the uppertapered annular shim 2 should be radially aligned with number 39 on thelower tapered annular shim 42. After the upper and lower tapered annularshims 2 and 42 have been rotated to align U31 and L39, the upper andlower tapered annular shims 2 and 42 are installed on the wheel assemblywith the radially aligned numbers, U31 and L39, at a twelve o'clockposition. If the measure required adjustment were camber +0.62 degreeand toe 0.42 degree, the intersection of these values on the chart wouldfall inbetween the box on the chart having the values U30 and L3 and thebox having the values U29 and L3. The upper and lower tapered annularshims 2 and 4 would be rotated to place the number 3 on the lowertapered annular shim 42 in radial alignment with the space between thenumbers 29 and 30 on the upper tapered annular shim 2 and then installedon the wheel assembly.

Prior to installing the aligned upper and lower tapered shims 2 and 42,a template such as that identified in the Schlosser et al patent (U.S.Pat. No. 5,622,378) under "OTHER PUBLICATION " suggested by applicant;is used to determine which of the spokes 34 and 84 are to be removed toprovide clearance for the bolts. The aligned reference numbers 3 and 42are aligned with the arrow on the appropriate template and the spokes 34and 84 to be removed are marked and then removed prior to installationon the wheel assembly.

In FIG. 15, there is illustrated another preferred embodiment of anupper tapered shim which is similar to the upper tapered shim 2 in FIG.1 except for the spokes 34. The parts in FIG. 15 corresponding to thosein FIG. 1 have been given the same reference numerals. An intermediatering 140 is located between the first ring 4 and the second ring 14 andhas a tapered upper surface 142 and a flat bottom surface (not shown). Aplurality of ribs 144 integral with the first ring 4 and theintermediate ring 140 and another plurality of ribs 146 integral withthe intermediate ring 140 and the second ring 14 hold the intermediatering 140 in position between the first 4 and second 14 rings. The taperof the intermediate ring 140 corresponds to the taper of the first andsecond rings 4 and 14. The intermediate ring 140 is divided into aplurality of sections 148 by aligned radial slots 150 so that thesections 148 may be broken away to provide clearance of the bolts asdescribed above.

In FIG. 16, there is illustrated another preferred embodiment of a lowertapered shim which is similar to the lower tapered shim 42 of FIG. 6except for the spokes 84. The parts in FIG. 16 corresponding to those inFIG. 6 have been given the same reference numerals. An intermediate ring160 is located between the first ring 44 and the second ring 54 and hasa tapered upper surface 162 and a flat bottom surface (not shown). Aplurality of ribs 164 integral with the first ring 44 and theintermediate ring 160 and another plurality of ribs 166 integral withthe intermediate ring 160 and the second ring 54 hold the intermediatering 160 in position between the first and second rings 160 in positionbetween the first and second rings 44 and 54. The taper of theintermediate ring 160 corresponds to the taper of the first and secondrings 44 and 54. The intermediate ring 160 is divided into a pluralityof sections 168 by aligned radial slots 170 so that the sections 168 maybe broken away to provide clearance for the bolts as described above.

The upper tapered shim 2 of FIG. 15 is joined to the lower tapered shim42 of FIG. 16 in the same manner as the upper tapered shim 2 of FIG. 1is joined to the lower tapered shim 42 of FIG. 6 as illustrated in FIG.11 and 12. The chart in FIGS. 13 and 14 is consulted and the upper andlower tapered shims 2 and 42 are rotated to align the desired indiciumfrom the indicia 24 with the desired indicium from the indicia 72. Thealigned upper and lower tapered shims 2 and 42 are then placed on atemplate, as described above, and the sections 148 and 168 to be removedare marked. After the sections 148 and 168 have been removed, thealigned upper and lower tapered shims 2 and 42 are installed on thewheel assembly with the aligned indicium at the twelve o'clock position.

If desired, the indicia 72 on the lower tapered shim 42 can be placed onthe bottom side of the extension member 64 so that the upper and lowertapered shims 2 and 42 may be joined together with their flat surfacesin contacting relationship.

In FIG. 17, there is illustrated another preferred embodiment of anupper tapered shim which is similar to the upper tapered shim 2 of FIG.15 except that the second ring 14 has been modified. The parts in FIG.17 corresponding to those in FIG. 15 have been given the same referencenumerals. In FIG. 17, the second ring 14 is provided with a plurality ofradially aligned slots 174 to divide the second ring with a plurality ofsectors 176 which may be broken away to provide clearance for otherequipment mounted on the wheel assembly. The second ring 54 and theextension member 64 of the lower tapered shim 42 of FIG. 16 would beprovided with aligned radial slots similar to the slots 174 to dividethe second ring 54 and the extension member 64 into sectors that can bebroken away similar to the sectors 176.

In FIG. 18, there is illustrated another preferred embodiment of anupper tapered shim which is similar to the upper tapered shim 2 in FIG.15 except that the intermediate ring 140 has been modified. The parts inFIG. 18 corresponding to those in FIG. 15 have been given the samereference numerals. In FIG. 18, the intermediate ring 140 comprises aplurality of arcuate members 178 which are circumferentially spacedapart and held in this relationship by the ribs 144 and 146. Theintermediate ring 160 of the lower tapered shim 42 would be modified inthe same manner.

In FIG. 19, there is illustrated another preferred embodiment of anupper tapered shim 180. This upper tapered shim 180 is similar to theshim 20 in FIG. 3 of the above-identified '699 patent. The upper taperedshim 180 has a ring 182 having a tapered upper surface 184. A pluralityof tabs 186 extend radially outwardly from the ring 182, have a taperedupper surface 187, and are integrally joined to the ring 182 by arelatively thin annular portion 188 so that each tab 186 may be readilybroken away from the ring 182. The tabs 186 may be connected to eachother by a relatively thin webbing 190 or the webbing 190 may not beused and each tab 186 would be separated by a slot (not shown). The ring182 is provided with slots 104 and hook 106 similar to those in FIG. 1to function as joining means as described above. Each tab 186 isprovided with an indicium 192 for purposes described below.

In FIG. 20, there is illustrated a lower tapered shim 194 for use withthe upper tapered shim 180. The lower tapered shim 194 has a ring 196having a tapered upper surface 198 and an inner diameter 200 which isslightly larger than the inner diameter 202 of the ring 182 so that theupper tapered shim 180 may be joined to the lower tapered shim 194 asillustrated in FIG. 12. A plurality of tabs 204 extend radiallyoutwardly from the ring 196, have a tapered upper surface 205, and areintegrally joined to the ring 196 by a relatively thin annular portion206 so that each tab 204 may be readily broken away from the ring 196.The tabs 204 may be connected to each other by a relatively thin webbing208 or the webbing 208 may not be used and each tab 204 would beseparated by a slot (not shown). Each tab 204 is provided with anindicium 210. The outer diameter 212 of each of the tabs 204 is largerthan the outer diameter 214 of each of the tabs 186 so that when theyare joined together the indicia formed by the indicium 192 and 210 areclearly visible.

After being joined together, the upper and lower tapered shims 180 and194 are used in the same manner as described above in relation to theupper and lower tapered shims 2 and 42 of FIGS. 15 and 16. Also, theupper and lower tapered shims 180 and 194 could be joined together withtheir flat bottom surface (not shown) in contacting relationship.

In FIG. 21, there is illustrated another preferred embodiment of anupper tapered shim 220. The upper tapered shim 220 comprises a pluralityof tapered members 222 which extend in radial directions and adjacenttapered members 222 are joined together adjacent to the inner peripherythereof by relatively thin webbing 224. An outer ring 226 is integrallyconnected to the tabs 222 by relatively thin annular portion 228. Thetabs 222 have an upper tapered surface 230 and a flat bottom surface(not shown). The outer ring 226 is non-tapered and has two sections 232and 234 of differing axial thickness. Adjacent tabs 222 between thewebbing 224 and the annular portion 228 are separated from each other byslots 236. Indicia 238 are provided on the upper surface of the outerring 226 and each indicium is aligned with one of the tabs 222. Theupper tapered shim 220 is provided with slots 104 and hooks 106 at fourcircumferentially spaced apart locations similarly to the upper taperedshim 2 in FIG. 1.

In FIG. 22, there is illustrated the upper tapered shim 220 superposedover a lower tapered shim 240 with their axes in alignment. The lowertapered shim 240 is constructed the same as the upper tapered shim 220except that the outer diameter 242 thereof is greater than the outerdiameter 244 of the upper tapered shim 220 so that the indicia 246thereon is clearly visible. The upper tapered shim 220 and the lowertapered shim 240 are joined together for relative rotational movement bystructures similar to those illustrated in FIG. 12.

After being joined together, the upper and lower tapered shims 220 and240 are used in the same manner as described above in relation to theupper and lower tapered shims 2 and 42 in FIGS. 15 and 16. Also, theupper and lower tapered shims could be joined together with their flatbottom surfaces (not shown) in contacting relationship.

In FIGS. 23-25, there is illustrated another preferred embodiment of anupper tapered shim 250 of this invention. The upper tapered shim 250 hasan annular member 252 having a radially outwardly extending portion 254which is of a reduced axial thickness for purposes described below. Theannular member 252 is of uniform thickness in axial and radialdirections and the radially outwardly extending portion 254 is ofuniform thickness in axial and radial directions. Indicia 256 areprovided on the upper surface of the annular member 252. A plurality ofradially extending members 258 are integral with the annular member 252and are circumferentially spaced apart. Adjacent radially extendingmembers 258 are connected together by a relatively thin webbing 260. Anannular groove 262 is formed between the inner edge 264 of the annularmember 254 and the radially outer extremities 266 of the radiallyextending members 258 and is integral with the annular member 252 andthe radially extending members 258. The annular groove 262 has an axialthickness substantially the same as the axial thickness of the outwardlyextending portion 254. Instead of the annular groove 262, each of theradially extending members can be connected to the annular member 254 bya spoke similar to the spokes 146 of FIG. 15. The radially extendingmembers 258 have an upper tapered surface 268 and the outwardlyextending portion 254, the annular member 252, the radially extendingmembers 258, the annular groove 262 and the webbing 260 have a commonflat bottom surface 270. The axial thickest portion of the upper taperedshim 250 is that portion of the radially extending member 258 adjacentthe O indicium and the axial thinnest portion of the tapered portion ofthe upper tapered shim 250 is that portion of the radially extendingmember 258 adjacent the 20 indicium. All portions of the radiallyextending members 258 have an axial thickness greater than the axialthickness of the annular member 252.

In FIGS. 26-29, there is illustrated another preferred lower taperedshim 280 which is dimensioned to cooperate with the upper tapered shim250 as described below. The lower tapered shim 280 has an annular member282 which is of uniform thickness in axial and radial directions. Theannular member 282 has an outer edge portion 284 and indicia 286 areprovided on the upper surface 288 adjacent to the outer edge portion284. A plurality of hook like portions 290 project outwardly from theupper surface 288, FIG. 29, in an axial direction for purposes describedbelow. A plurality of radially extending notches 292 divide portions ofthe annular member 282 into segments 294 which may be readily removed ifnecessary. The upper surface 288 except for the hook like portions 290is flat.

The bottom surface of the lower tapered shim 280 is illustrated in FIG.28. A plurality of openings 302 extend through the annular member 282and are in axial alignment with the hook like portions 290. A pluralityof radially extending members 304 are integral with the annular member282 and are circumferentially spaced apart. Adjacent radially extendingmembers are connected together by a relatively thin webbing 306. Anannular groove 308 is formed in the annular member 282 adjacent to theradially outer extremities 310 of the plurality of radially extendingmembers 304. As described above, the annular groove 308 can be replacedby a plurality of spokes. The radially extending members 304 have atapered upper surface 312. The axial thickest portion of the lowertapered shim 280 is that portion of the radially extending member 304adjacent to the O indicium 286 and the axial thinnest portion of thetapered portion of the lower tapered shim 280 is that portion of theradially extending member 304 adjacent the 20 indicium 286.

A plurality of slots 314 are formed between adjacent ones of thecircumferentially spaced apart radially extending members 304 and extendradially inwardly to the annular groove 308. Another plurality of slots316 are formed between other adjacent ones of the circumferentiallyspaced apart radially extending members 304 and extend radially inwardlyfor a distance less than the radial extent of the slots 314.

The joined together upper tapered shim 250 and lower tapered shim 280are illustrated in FIGS. 30-33. As illustrated particularly in FIGS. 31and 32, the hook like portions 290 extend over portions of the outwardlyextending portion 254. The upper tapered shim 250 is positioned over thelower tapered shim 280 and is then moved toward the lower tapered shim280 to move the hook like portions 290 radially outwardly until theupper tapered shim 250 is close enough to the lower tapered shim 280 sothat the hook like portions 290 snap back into the locations illustratedin FIGS. 31 and 32. In some instances, a continuous annular rim spacedfrom the upper surface 288 can be used instead of the hook like portions290. The webbing 260 and 306 are in axial alignment and in contactingrelationship as illustrated in FIG. 33. It is noted that whateverindicium on the upper tapered shim 250 is radially aligned with anyindicium on the lower tapered shim 280, the radially extending members258 and 304 will be in axial alignment.

After being joined together, the upper and lower tapered shims 250 and280 are used in the same manner as described above in relation to theupper and lower tapered shims in FIGS. 15 and 16. Also, the upper andlower tapered shims 250 and 280 could be joined with the taperedsurfaces 312 in contact with the flat surface 270.

In some instances, it may be desirable to join upper and lower taperedshims, such as 250 and 280, to prevent any relative rotational, axial orradial movement therebetween. This can be accomplished by increasing thefrictional contact between the hook like portions 290 and the outwardlyextending portion 254 or employing other means to accomplish the sameresult. In this case, the desired indicium on the upper tapered shim 250is aligned with the desired indicium on the lower tapered shim 280 andthen pressed together. In other instances, it may be desirable to omitthe hook like portion 280 and to manually hold the upper and lowertapered shims 250 and 280 in the desired relationship after theappropriate radially extending member 258 and 304 have been removed toprovide the clearance for the bolt holes and to install the upper andlower tapered shims 250 and 280 with the desired indicia at the twelveo'clock position.

In further instances, it may be desirable to use only the upper taperedshim 250 by itself. Under these conditions, the alignment of the wheelwould be checked to determine the required camber and toe adjustments. Achart would be used to determine the indicia to be placed at a referencepoint on the wheel assembly. The template would be used to determinewhich of the radially extending members would be removed to provideclearance for the bolts and then they would be removed. The uppertapered shim 250 would then be installed using the desired indicium atthe reference point on the wheel assembly.

In using the joined together upper and lower tapered shims, the firststep is to use a conventional apparatus to determine the required camberand/or toe adjustments. A chart, such as that illustrated in FIGS. 13and 14 is then used to determine the indicium on the upper tapered shimto be aligned with the indicium on the lower tapered shim to obtain therequired camber and/or toe adjustments. A template is then used toidentify the radially extending members to be removed to provide therequired clearance for the bolts and then to remove them. The shims arechecked to ensure that the desired indicium are still in radialalignment. Installing the joined together upper and lower tapered shimsbetween the spindle face plate and the axle face plate with the desiredindicium at a reference point on the wheel assembly.

While an illustrative and presently preferred embodiment of theinvention has been described in detail herein, it is to be understoodthat the inventive concepts may be otherwise variously embodied andemployed and that the appended claims are intended to be construed toinclude such variations except insofar as limited by the prior art.

What is claimed is:
 1. A shim assembly to be installed on an axle of avehicle for correcting misalignment of toe and/or camber of a vehiclewheel spindle extending from a mounting plate attached to a vehicle theshim assembly comprising:a first tapered shim element having opposed,non-parallel, generally planar tapered surfaces; a second tapered shimelement having opposed, non-parallel tapered surfaces, at least aportion of one of the tapered surfaces of the first tapered shim elementand at least a portion of one of the tapered surfaces of the secondtapered shim element being adjacent to and in contact with each other;said first tapered shim element being rotatably connected to said secondtapered shim element for relative unrestricted rotational movement abouta common axis prior to being placed on said axle; and whereby thecomposite taper of the shim assembly may be varied by orienting thetaper of the first tapered shim element relative to the taper of thesecond tapered shim element.
 2. A shim assembly as set forth in claim 1and further comprising:taper display indicators a ssociated with theshim assembly to indicate the position of said first tapered shimelement relative to the position of said second tapered shim element toobtain a desired composite taper of the shim assembly.
 3. A shimassembly as set forth in claim 2 wherein at least one of said taperdisplay indicators comprises:taper orientation indicia on at least oneof said first and second tapered shim elements.
 4. A device as in claim1 wherein:the rotatable connection between the first and second shimspermits relative rotational movement between said first and second shimsbut restrains relative linear movement in radial and axial directionsbetween said first and second shims prior to being placed on said axle.5. An adjustable shim assembly to be installed on an axle of a vehiclefor correcting wheel alignment, the shim assembly comprising:a firsttapered shim element having opposed, at least partially flat,non-parallel surfaces; a second tapered shim element having opposed, atleast partially flat, non-parallel surfaces with at least one of theflat surfaces of said first tapered shim element being in contact withat least one of the flat surfaces of said second tapered shim element;said first tapered shim element being rotatably connected to said secondtapered shim element for unrestricted rotation around an axisperpendicular to said contacting surfaces of said first and secondtapered shim elements; and taper indicators on the shim assembly todisplay the rotational position of said first tapered shim elementrelative to said second tapered shim element to obtain the desiredcomposite taper of the shim assembly prior to being placed on said axle.6. A device as in claim 5 wherein:the rotatable connection between thefirst and second shims permits relative rotational movement between saidfirst and second shims but restrains relative linear movement in radialand axial directions between said first and second shims prior to beingplaced on said axle.
 7. A device to be installed on an axle of a vehiclefor use in adjusting camber and/or toe of a wheel comprising:a firstshim having opposite generally planar surfaces with at least a portionthereof being tapered; a second shim having opposite generally planarsurfaces with at least a portion thereof being tapered; said first shimbeing rotatably connected to said second shim for unrestricted relativerotational movement about a common axis; and indicators on said devicefor indicating where to position said first shim relative to said secondshim prior to being placed on said axle.
 8. A device as in claim 7wherein:the rotatable connection between the first and second shimspermits relative rotational movement between said first and second shimsbut restrains relative linear movement in radial and axial directionsbetween said first and second shims prior to being placed on said axle.9. A device to be installed on an axle of a vehicle for use in adjustingcamber and/or toe of a wheel comprising:a first shim having oppositegenerally planar surfaces with at least a portion thereof being tapered;a second shim having opposite generally planar surfaces with at least aportion thereof being tapered; said first shim being rotatably connectedto said second shim for unrestricted relative rotation about a commonaxis; indicia on at least one of said first and second shims; and anindicator on at least the other of said first and second shims forindicating that indicium on said at least one of said first and secondshims which indicium should be positioned relative to the other of saidfirst and second shims to obtain a desired camber and/or toe adjustmentbefore the device is mounted on the axle.
 10. A device to be installedon an axle of a vehicle for use in adjusting camber and/or toe of awheel comprising:a first shim having opposite generally planar surfaceswith at least a portion thereof being tapered; a second shim havingopposite generally planar surfaces with at least a portion thereof beingtapered; and said first shim being rotatably connected to said secondshim for unrestricted rotation about a common axis prior to being placedon said axle.
 11. A device as in claim 10 wherein:the rotatableconnection between the first and second shims permits relativerotational movement between said first and second shims but restrainsrelative linear movement in radial and axial directions between saidfirst and second shims prior to being placed on said axle.
 12. A devicefor use in adjusting camber and/or toe alignment of a wheel on a vehiclewheel assembly which includes a spindle for rotatably supporting awheel, a spindle face plate, an axle, an axle face plate and a pluralityof bolts received through said spindle face plate and said axle faceplate for detachably, operably coupling said spindle face plate to saidaxle face plate with said shim located therebetween comprising:a firstshim having opposite surfaces with at least one of said oppositesurfaces being tapered; a second shim having opposite surfaces with atleast one of said opposite surfaces being tapered; each of said firstand second shims having at least one taper display indicator thereon sothat one of said indicators on one of said first and second shims may bepositioned relative to said indicator on the other of said first andsecond shims to obtain the desired composite taper of the device; andsaid first and second shims being connected together for permittingrelative rotational movement between said first and second shims butrestraining relative axial or radial movement therebetween prior tobeing placed on said axle.
 13. A device as in claim 12 wherein:each ofsaid first and second shims being annular; and each of said first andsecond shims having a plurality of removable portions so that at leastsome of said removable portions may be removed to provide clearance forsaid bolts.
 14. A device as in claim 13 wherein said taper displayindicators comprise:one of said first shim's opposite surfaces being anexposed surface; (this avoids a potential double inclusion 112rejection, because the exposed surface of claim 11 is actually one ofthe opposite surfaces already recited in claim 9); indicia on said firstshim and located on said exposed surface thereof; one of said secondshim's opposite surfaces having a portion extending radially outwardlyfrom said first shim and having an exposed surface facing in the samedirection as said exposed surface of said first shim; and indicia onsaid second shim being located on said exposed surface of said secondshim.
 15. A device as in claim 12 wherein:at least other portions ofsaid first and second shims being planar.
 16. A device as in claim 12and further comprising:each of said first and second shims having anannular portion; a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart radiallyextending members integral with said annular portion; saidcircumferentially spaced apart radially extending members having taperedsurfaces so that diameters passing through said circumferentially spacedapart radially extending members have an axially thickest part and anaxially thinnest part; at least portions of a plurality of adjacent onesof said circumferentially spaced apart radially extending members beingconnected together by a thin webbing; and said annular portion beingradially spaced from said circumferentially spaced apart members by athin annular groove so that each of said circumferentially spaced apartradially extending members may be readily separated by severing saidwebbing between adjacent ones of said circumferentially spaced apartradially extending members and along a portion of said annular groovebetween said annular member and said circumferentially spaced apartradially extending members.
 17. A device as in claim 16 wherein:at leastsome of adjacent ones of said circumferentially spaced apart radiallyextending members being separated by a slot extending in a radialdirection for the same radial extent as each of said circumferentiallyspaced apart radially extending members.
 18. A device as in claim 17wherein:at least others of adjacent ones of said circumferentiallyspaced apart radially extending members being separated by a partialslot extending in a radial direction for less than the radial extent ofeach of said circumferentially spaced apart radially extending members.19. Apparatus for adjusting camber and toe of a wheel comprising:a firsttapered annular shim; a second tapered annular shim; and apparatus forcoupling said first and second tapered annular shims together and forpermitting unrestricted relative rotational movement therebetween abouta common axis.